A Community for Everyone :: Internet Cyberspace Web Essays

A Community for EveryoneThe Net is not one thing. Its like asking Are women soft in bars? Thatss a silly question. Which woman? Which bar?(171). Amy Bruckman, founder of MediaMoo, a virtual community of interests using text, compares Internet communities with bars. She talks about how unalike people are comfortable in different bars just as certain people are interested in certain online communities. full because one person does not like one bar does not mean that the bar should be shut down. That person should simply not go to that particular bar. He or she should find another bar. In Finding Ones Own in Cyberspace, Amy Bruckman proves that the Internet does adduce or can possibly offer an online community that can fit anyones needs. Diversity is the internets greatest strength. Communities can be as exclusive online as they are in real life. Anyone can book an effect on his or her community, whether by starting a community up or just by having an input. Anyone can find a commu nity online. To start off, the internets greatest asset is its diversity. A person can find just about anything he or she wants on the Net, including an accepting community. The internet is fabulously vast and diverse. It may take a little time but Bruckman argues, If you keep an open mind, however, you may come across something good(172). As will be gone into later, people need to stop focusing on the negatives and concentrate on the positive aspects and possibilities in order to appreciate what the internet has to offer. Now, finding a particular Website should be becoming unproblematicr than ever. With new online architecture, it is becoming more and more easy to find these sites Depending on choice of background color and texture, type styles, and superfluous fade-in effects, for instance, a Web page can feel playful or gloomy, futuristic or old-fashioned, serious or fun, grown-up or child-centered(178). Online communities are making it simple to identify with them. In some c ases, a person would not even have to read the text in order to know if he or she has found the community he or she is feeling for. He or she would just need to look at background or images. For instance, if someone were looking for information on soccer, the website would show a picture of a soccer ball and the person would immediately know that the website is soccer related.

The Absolute Evil of Iago in Shakespeares Othello Essays -- Essays on

The Absolute Evil of Iago in Othello What marks consummate villainy is the willingness to be absolutely evil-to have no qualms about being diabolical and no strains of human morality. Because feeling for another leads one to experience guilt, even an iota of empathy is a character flaw that will lead to the d have gotfall of a villain. To succeed, the villain needs to emulate the character Iago in Othello, who consistently works his evil end-to-end the whole play and does not slip until the end, when there is simply no way he can turn the situation to his advantage. Iago is a model for the ultimate villain because he operates on a self-styled level of morality, such that he never doubts his actions, however diabolical the actions seem to the audience. The reasonable person is competent of this emulation, for rationality is the ability to reason out a new and yet coherent order a new order of values and beliefs that constitute his own system of mores. Convinced of this self-devise d system, the villain is able to convincingly impose it upon others and therefore, to manipulate them towards advancing his cause. Reason also empowers the villain with an aptitude for discerning an order in the midst of chaos and turning adversity into good fortune. With a self-defined strand of logic and reasoning, the villain fashions a write in code of ethics and morality fitting to his purposes, which makes his malice tolerable to him. The rational mind can utilise logic and reasoning to arrange values and beliefs in an order that is credible, and therefore irrefutable to the self. Reasonable, therefore believable and irrefutable-this customised moral code is convincing, and from this conviction, the villain will not be bothered by the morality ... ..., Inc., n. d. Fergusson, Francis. Macbeth as the Imitation of an Action. Shakespeare The Tragedies. A Collectiion of Critical Essays. Alfred Harbage, ed. Englewwod Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964. Frye, Northrop. Fools of T ime Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy. Toronto, Canada University of Toronto Press, 1967. Greenblatt, Stephen. Introduction to Macbeth. The Norton Shakespeare. New York Norton, 1997. 2555-63. Knights, L.C. Macbeth. Shakespeare The Tragedies. A Collectiion of Critical Essays. Alfred Harbage, ed. Englewwod Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964. Lamb, Charles. On the Tragedies of Shakespeare. N.p. n.p.. 1811. Rpt in Shakespearean Tragedy. Bratchell, D. F. New York, NY Routledge, 1990. Mack, Maynard. Everybodys Shakespeare Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB University of Nebraska Press, 1993.

Lincoln Electric Case Study :: GCSE Business Management BTEC Coursework

Lincoln Electric Case StudyThe Lincoln Electric Comp each is the worlds largest manufacturer of arc welding products and a leading producer of industrial electric motors. Their key competency is achieving higher worker productiveness. Every year the comp any has seen high profits and bonuses. Employee morale and productivity remains very good and employees are very loyal to the company. The company also puts customers goals as top priority.Organization StructureThis is a very original organization. They do not have a formal organization chart in this company because they ask to ensure maximum flexibility. They have an open-door policy in which employees take problems to the people that are most capable of solving them. Routine supervision is almost nonexistent. Lincoln has a fairly flat organization in which there are usually two or three levels of supervision between production workers and the president. Employees are evaluated on quality, dependability, ideas and coopera tion, and output. They also have great stock security, while also being able to participate in decision-making.Problem identificationLincoln Electric does not really seem to have any big problems in their current operations while working under an entire structure, but one problem seems to be the lack of attention that the stockholders get. At Lincoln, the stockholders are given last priority. The whole philosophy behind this is that they think that it will be more profitable than investing money in any other way.Alternatives consideredAlternatives for this company is to work towards making virtually of their activities mechanistic while keeping some functions organic. The other alternative is to keep the company going as is with no change. If there is no problem to be fixed, than dont try fixing it, since it will result in more problems. Once some Harvard Business School researchers made up an organization chart for the company and the management felt that it had a disruptiv e effect. One big item that they want to consider is to pay a little more attention to the stockholders, which are financing the company. Alternatives selected and rationaleThe alternative selected is to keep the company going like it is with the organic structure.

World War Two and Its Impact on the Role of American Women in Society E

cosmos War Two and Its Impact on the Role of American Women in Society World War II is an event that has incisioned history like no other. Originating from a European struggle, war broke out in 1939 and continued for six years. From the years 1939 through 1945 more than half the earths surface was battling in war. American nine was greatly affected. People of e rattling age, race and class were deeply affected. Womens built in bed in society took a leap forward like it never had before. As an effect of the second world war womens traditional roles in society were drastic bothy altered. The 1940s brought innovative opportunities along with hardships to American society. After the Depression it looked as though there was no hope for the traditional role of women to be changing. Women had very few job opportunities, especially married women. In William Henry Chafes book The American Woman, he explains Legislative bodies enacted laws restricting the employment of married w omen. Labor, government, and the mass media all joined in a campaign urging females to refrain from taking jobs. And the overwhelming majority of average citizens--including women--showed little interest in modifying the existing dispersion of sexual roles. (Chafe 135) The role of women in society was unchanging. It was quite remarkable how stable their role remained for so long (135). While still recovering from the Depression, Europe managed to mark the beginning of the biggest war in history. They first took over Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. And after Pearl Harbor was bombed by the Japanese, the United States entered the war. The main transformation World War II made for women in American society was there were man... ...o work, keeping the economy going while the men were fighting the war. Other women joined the army and navy blue out in combat. Organizations that are still present to this day were founded, such as the American Red Cross Associat ion, the Womens Army Corps (WAC), the Women Accepted for military volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES), and the Army Nurse Corps. Overall, World War II changed the role of American women for the better. It marked the beginning of an ongoing advancement of womens economic emplacement in American society. Works CitedBrokaw, Tom.The Greatest Generation.New York Random House, 2004. Print. Chafe, William H. The American Woman Her Changing Social, Economic, and Political Roles, 1920-1970. New York Oxford UP, 1972. Print.Daniel, Robert L.American Women in the 20th Century. The fete of Life. San Diego Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1987.

destroying a life :: essays research papers

Everyone discount witness a miracle at least once in his or her life. It is a miracle which a man and woman can create. Unfortunately, many decide on a drastic pick to eliminate someone they should bring into the world. Abortion is a conclusiveness made constantly among pregnant adults and teens. A few reasons why abortions are so popular are the pre-marital sex leading to pregnancy, couples that dont necessity the baby, irresponsible people.What many women dont know is that abortion has many risks. Women in their first pregnancy who decide to have an abortion have a high risk of work overting breast cancer. Studies at the National University of Wyoming have shown twenty percent to twenty-seven percent seeking abortion have a chlamydeous infection. Chlamydeous is a sexually transmitted disease that is a vaginal discharge that irritates and burns when urinating. At the time of an abortion, a girl can get an infection, have excessive bleeding, ripping of the uterus and a cervica l injury. Many of these complications are considered life threatening. Not only can women abort and kill the baby, but they can have a chance of facing death as well. According to the North California research and Development Clinic, Abortion is report as the fifth leading cause of maternal death in the United States. An abortion can contact a life forever. It can impact the mothers life or the babys life. A fetus is considered to be human. Shortly after conception, the DNA is already forming a queer human . At eight weeks into the pregnancy, the babys heart is beating steadily and every organ is present. At eight and a half weeks, visual proof of the babys fingerprints are being imprinted. Having a child requires more maturity than it does to have an abortion. The unborn baby has a right to a mother instead of being killed before witnessing the world. It shocks me that older and more mature women have abortions. It surprises me even more that teenagers have abortions. Teenage ab ortion is allowed in oer twenty states without the permission of ones legal guardian. Teenagers may start to take sex lightly knowing that abortion is always a choice if the girl gets pregnant. Because of their responsibilities, theyre making another life inside their very own body pay for their mistakes. Teenagers will continuously remind themselves if ever they get an unexpected pregnancy, they can always consider having an abortion.

destroying a life :: essays research papers

Everyone bottom of the inning witness a miracle at least once in his or her life. It is a miracle which a man and woman can create. Unfortunately, many decide on a drastic choice to kill someone they should bring into the world. abortion is a decision made constantly among pregnant adults and teens. A few reasons why abortions are so popular are the pre-marital sex leading to pregnancy, couples that dont want the baby, irresponsible people.What many women dont know is that abortion has many risks. Women in their first pregnancy who decide to befool an abortion piss a high risk of getting breast cancer. Studies at the National University of Wyoming have shown twenty percent to twenty-seven percent seeking abortion have a chlamydeous infection. Chlamydeous is a sexually transmitted disease that is a vaginal discharge that irritates and burns when urinating. At the time of an abortion, a female child can get an infection, have excessive bleeding, ripping of the uterus and a cervic al injury. Many of these complications are considered life threatening. Not only can women abort and kill the baby, but they can have a chance of facing death as well. According to the North California research and Development Clinic, Abortion is reported as the fifth leading cause of maternal death in the United States. An abortion can impact a life for ever. It can impact the mothers life or the babys life. A fetus is considered to be human. Shortly after conception, the DNA is already forming a unique human . At eight weeks into the pregnancy, the babys heart is beating steadily and every organ is present. At eight and a half(a) weeks, visual proof of the babys fingerprints are being imprinted. Having a child requires more maturity than it does to have an abortion. The unborn baby has a proper(ip) to a mother instead of being killed before witnessing the world. It shocks me that older and more mature women have abortions. It surprises me even more that teenagers have abortions. Teenage abortion is allowed in over twenty states without the permission of ones legal guardian. Teenagers may start to take sex lightly knowing that abortion is always a choice if the girl gets pregnant. Because of their responsibilities, theyre making another life inside their very own body pay for their mistakes. Teenagers will continuously remind themselves if ever they get an unexpected pregnancy, they can always consider having an abortion.

India: Land of Diversity Essay

The western culture has always been known for its progressive nature. It has given its followers a lot of freedom and openness. But there are times when the freedom gets on to you. This is when one starts feeling the void and the emptiness and starts inclination for some sort of support or someone to look upto as a guiding force. Since many decades, the westerners have been looking towards India to save their fizzing police van and morality by its spiritualism. This is because India is the land of sages and great thinks and reformers who have reached far and wide spreading the true message of god. Their sayings and preaches have been guiding all of us since ages to heed to the voice inside us and lead a meaningful life. The growing impetus of spiritualism in the world was born in India and it has been the flag letter carrier of all this since ages.India is a land where many different religions and practices live together in complete conglomerate, side by side. India has always be en open to visitors. There has been an gray-haired famous saying in India which says Atithi Devo Bhava which literally translates to say that guest is god. The Indians have lived by this thought since the very beginning and still practice it. This is the reason why when any foreigner came to India (with whatever motives in mind, India was there with arms wide open to welcome them. It started with the Aryans, then came the Persians, Mughals, British French and many more.All were welcomed in India with equal gratitude. The humbleness and hospitality has also been prevalent till now. It welcomed the Dalai Lama when he escaped from Tibet after the Chinese agression.This is another example of the nobility that India has been noted for. India and its have also been famous for helping out others. It helped Bangladesh to win freedom and independence from the erstwhile Pakistan. The practices of helpfulness and aid have been carried out like a tradition since ages, transferred from one gen eration to another.India has become the land where cultures and thoughts intermingle to provide an altogether new way of living to the tidy sum. Since being a home to people from different cultures, the residents have learned how to gaze all the various cultures and traditions. Come to India-the only country in the worldwhere you shall find a Hindu temple, a church and a mosque adjoining each other and followers of any of them visiting each. This is the best part of the underlying Indian thought tolerance and respect for everyone. So whatever be your culture, beliefs, religious practice, India can surely make you feel at home.India is truly a land of great cultural inheritance and enriched traditions. The influence of various cultures on each other is evident from the architecture styles, language as well as the practices in various parts of the country. This innate mixture of features of various cultures and traditions gives India the place and the reputation of being the most tolerant and patient country in the world.

Enterprise Data Storage Essay

info Storage is generally divided into two bingle is customer w arhousing, which only riding habits typical disk drives, flash drives or local hard disk in PC or in laptop. While try Data Storage is the mainly use for large enterprise fund for spectacular industry or caller-out.The information that is be stored in this centralize terminal comes from a variety of source, it washbasin either come from customer transactions, that can come from the different parts of the globe, it can also embarrass local information storage for nurture purposes, like these storage can hold info samples for integration testing and Users Acceptance Testing by both the development team and the customers respectively.Enterprise Data Storage is much prevalent in huge data inwardnesss, where amount of data running around the clock and these data are cautiously stored and level off backup properly. Data in these call centers is the to the highest degree important whizz, more than anything, like the transaction report that happen between the customers and the call center agent, which in e very end of severally transaction, it exit be stored in central database, where another team will automatically gets the reading based on certain business process of the strategy, to actually addressed the issue, and so on and so forth.So this means that data in call centers are link up to many groups and that is why not even a small downtime is acceptable in their operation. To better implement effective enterprise data storage, there are four important factors must be considered (1) storage, (2) backup, (3) archiving and (4) disaster recovery.In storage, this means that there should be enough storage capacity for all the transaction infallible to run for all the entire systems and with ideal buffer systems in case there will be nimble need for additional space, next bingle is backup, it is already a common to all industries whether it is running in one host or in enterpris e large type, backup plays a snappy role in enterprise data storage, it does not only mean that regularly, based on scheduled task by the infrastructure team that the system will automatically backup it every 12MN of every day, but to the highest degree importantly the importance of backup is to provide confidence to the high society that data and information can be rolled back anytime if needed. Archiving is somehow, is something important for keeping both historical information, actually archiving does not action like as backup, archiving only happens in a certain period agreed by the management, and at this point not everything is being archived only those of high risk information are being archived.Lastly, Disaster Recovery, these is also one of the most important use of enterprise data storage, that is to give confidence to the management and the whole company itself, that the company can still perform and no expectation of stop operation will happen, if problems encountere d in the systems used by the company or faced with some unheralded events like fire, earthquakes, etc. (Enterprise Data Storage, n. d. ). Data Storage Industry and where it is going Data Storage Industries nurture earlier predicted that there are five most important information management and data storage trends for 2006. The first one was conformity compliance talks more on the process side on how technically and procedurally things should be done, in order to avoid misbehavior of the company systems.It also provides a better deal of quality and reliability for the system to work better, since there are already set guidelines, and these guidelines where set after a series of study made and those where also the important input to the compliancy requirements of each processes, that is why if everything will just be followed according to plan, there should be no problem. Secondly, is Security, you can say it can be both physical and data security, for physical security these are th e tangible component of your data systems, from the smallest valued mouse or keyboard up to the most critical enterprise servers that you keep in the company, which is important to secure these physical component of your company systems.Data security is still one of the most prevalent problems nowadays, with network access given to everyone, which decidedly needs anyway in performing their job, there will still be problems about data security, the only way to combat this problem is to have a constant monitoring daily, actually if possible there should be either systems that will monitor this problems like firewalls, data encryption systems, and even clean-cut made mapping system fro each users or teams must be strictly be applied.Third, is Integrated backup, here it is simply better backup unconscious process and archival must be sanitary implemented, like better naming convention and other systematic practices must be applied, Fourth is Virtualization, which also one of the top priority in 2006, this actually means the execution of instrument of state of the art network system that will provide a smooth and speedy net running(a) from all the different locations where the company is operating, factors like bandwidth, virtual memory and transfer rate of speed, which is vital in transferring data within the network.Lastly is ECM or Enterprise Content Management, which continues to be one of the biggest challenge to all industry or company, because here we are actually counting at the importance of enfranchisement and keeping it within the company systems, from the simplest how the different systems works, customer manual and up to company policies and procedures that in order to have a better grip of their job, these should be well stored in central repository and from there anyone can easily gets it through the network. (Top Five Information Management & Storage Trends for 2006, n. d. ). Actually, Enterprise data storage industries are continually givin g big impact for the company, with the growing demand for data storage, most especially at this point we are now working globularly like the existence of call centers worldwide, and that makes enterprise data storage becomes vital.Because in Data Centers, we are not only talking about one server but multiple servers running around the globe, which you can see, setup is like per country, but if you have purchased a enterprise data storage server that are really huge, the implementation can be by geographical zone, like one for Asia Pac, North America, Europe, etc. Lynx Technologies is one of the well cognize companies that specialize in enterprise data storage products, includes backup/recovery and business continuity implementation which is important for compliancy of the company. The main focus of the company is combining effective networking infrastructure and enterprise data storage solutions.From data storage hardware requirement, data storage management software, secure data storage. rough of the main data storage, for its disaster recovery includes on-line backup and data backup software. And lastly for its compliance service it includes HIPAA/ Sox Data Security. Limitation of local data center that only safe keeps the data storage that runs in the local network, the trend that was being look on to and continue to be a severe importance in the future is more on not only Total data Storage Backup but also must include and prepare to have the recovery solutions, which uses Enterprise Level Onsite Data Storage, and Remote Offsite Data Storage Solutions.Remote or Offsite data storage is one of the outstrip service for data storage by enterprises that works very often outside their company network, and since you are detached and you need to be connected to your company network, this product provides you immediate access and with that, because of the speed of transfer on your data, it can provide your customer and yourself better appreciation on the syste m. It is also a very cost effective solution for all business partners, staffs and other s divvy upholders because they can easily work even not connected to their local company network. And with the big capacity and networking efficiency of this solution, which is the most critical part of the business at this time.In the future, what the industry looks onto is more on convenience and accessibility is being look onto, where people can work at home and students can attend to open university, and with that they only need to securely connect online through wireless data link and from there they can easily get a grip of the information needed. Upon using online data storage or remote data storage, it will not just easily be implemented right away because there should be compliance check on this before it will be implemented. The compliance is being conducted by HIPPA or Sarbanes Oxley. The following major impact to the industry is reliable and immediate availability to data and inform ation in different strategic location, as well as easy deployment of application for the target customer. (Enterprise Level Onsite (Online) Data Storage, & Remote Offsite Data Storage Solutions, n. d. ). HP also has provided a dandy support on the future requirement of enterprise data storage.HP it is the base storage or data deduplication will be the future of most industry. Active research and study for these technology movers in the future of data storage is being conducted at the company, and this will be the common data storage trend for all data storage industry in 2009-2010. Alongside with it there will also be encryption process that would separately take place, which will also be the part of the feature for data storage on the future. Another HP prediction is the integration of its high end applications with data storage, meaning putting their application on a high scale level. Specific integration like in search engines for faster processing.And since data repositing is also gaining popularity and great acceptance by most companies at the present the need for scalable data storage will also be an immediate need, because having to implement that would make presentation and downloading of reports in a front end-system like with that of using portal technology will be faster and easy. Since the creation of application, development of databases and managing business intelligence tool and datawarehosuing will be in one very powerful enterprise data storage also includes the effective implementation of networking infrastructure, you can say that customers will no longer ask for more and sure enough satisfaction rating will really be high. (Pariseau, Beth, 2007). contiguous is CISCO, and this time, it will be how the look of a large call centers see how enterprise data storage works.Data Centers for Call Centers have greatly squeeze the change in the industry not only storage requirements, which obviously increasing, but almost every factors in Informa tion Technology it is impacted a lot. Actually there are two important aspects, Technology applied, and Data Centers Storage and Servers. To start with, Technology applied, for CISCO as one of the most well known and trusted name in their field, the implementation of VOIP, which makes it very effective and convenient in combining data and voice in one cable. 1 of its products SRST or Survival Remote Site Telephony which is used to protect the voice in case of server network failure.Data Centers Storage and Servers, in a typical data center, it is actually almost different types of server and data storage running for a typical call center that runs global support. For SAN or Storage Area Network, Most of the well trusted storage used is EMC and HP. The data center has production servers, where all application is installed for the customer to use and access. It also connects to hundreds of host to their data storage server. Which means that, many applications on the web or in client server applications that are being hosted by the enterprise data storage server and with that the enterprise data storage server hold critical data which all of the application gets and stored or even backup. The SAN is made up of CISCOs MDS multi layer switches. SAN has greatly improve and utilize the storage resource.And, since it is used for large data centers, with multiple servers, it hold 2 Petabytes or a huge 2 quadrillion bytes of data, which even the numbers are hard to count. With this capacity you can say that it is a good example and precaution for all enterprise data storage industries should be. Another one is the Tape Backup Storage, this is used for backup of important and necessary records or data. Its primary purpose if to be on standby backup. This is actually designed to support the critical systems, that whenever there will be problem in the main site, this will be placed as the data storage to be used. (Data Center Storage and Servers, 2004).

Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Preface

And the TV series developed byKevin Williamson & Julie PlecTis now the very witching time of night,When churchyards yawn and hell itself breathes outContagion to this world. Now could I drink hot bloodAnd do such bitter business as the dayWould quake to prospect on.Hamlet, William ShakespearePrefaceThe poets and philosophers I once loved had it wrong. Death does not come to us all, nor does the passage of time dim our memories and reduce our bodies to dust. Because while I was considered dead, and a headstone had been engraved with my name, in truth my life was just beginning. It was as if Id been asleep these many years, slumbering in the darkest night, only to awake to a world that was brighter, wilder, more(prenominal) thrilling than Id ever imagined.The humans I used to know continued their lives, just as I once had, spending their finite days handout to the market, tending the fields, stealing secret kisses when the sun went down. They were merely shadows to me now, no more significant than the frightened squirrels and rabbits that scampered in the forest, barely conscious of the world around them. precisely I was no shadow. I was wholeand impervious to their worst fear. I had conquered death. I was no fleeting visitor to the world. I was its master, and I had all of eternity to bend it to my will.

No More Privacy Rights for Employees in the Workplace

Privacy is the quality of being secluded from the presence or view of others, the condition of being concealed or hidden. The concept of concealing in the work however, is not lone(prenominal) well-nigh the literal application of the word. The covert in the workplace concept stems from every employees desire to be protected in terms of their individual expression of life choices and life expressions that argon considered orthogonal to their employment. The claim for privacy remediates of employees is anchored on what they perceived to be good, proper, and just in the workplace. Privacy in the workplace has plow a core value of employees.Privacy in the workplace like health is considered a duty and is treasured by almost everyone. Though privacy rights in the workplace does not appear in the U.S. Constitution nor is guaranteed under the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth), moreover it spawns endless constitutional arguments and simultaneously increased employees clamor for privacy in the workplace. Today, said concept has become a major issue and has even face lift to international prominence with the growth of training and surveillance technologies especially adopted by constitutions initially to examine security and safe of the employees and the greater majority. After the portentous event on September 11, 2001, cable organizations adopted other measures that further streng past their security and safety, besides these in like manner work to diminish privacy of employees in their workplace.The initial intention of the ad resource of security measures like ground checking, drug testing, and the hire of technological observe devices in the workplace was also later grow as way of life of predicting, proctor, and evaluating productiveness and efficiency of employees in their respective work. These become part of focus style of almost all organizations to secure their investments and the people. However, employees viewed these to eat up eradicated their right to privacy in the workplace.The use of applied science is so prevalent in the corporate world that it lessens if not at all diminishes privacy in the workplace. The astray authoritative and practiced E-mail monitoring, video surveillance, computerized tracking dusts, genetic screening, workplace alcohol drug testing, and the use of said information by employers argon viewed to lease signifi senstly eroded privacy of employees.According to Jeremy Gruber, legal director of the National Workrights Institute, an advocacy for human rights in the workplace that there is a very little, if any, privacy in the workplace especially in the private sector. Privacy is one of the most violated principles in the Ameri deal-workplace. He further said that people be aw ar to a degree how much monitoring goes in the workplace, merely most individuals ar un aware of how distributive the lack of privacy is (Crane, 2005). This observation then fuelled many employees to demand for bulwa rk of their privacy rights.The growth of surveillance technologies has really impacted the modern corporate workplace. Employees viewed this grade to learn increased the competency of employers to monitor and gather information on their ain circumstances and backgrounds that are irrelevant to their work. Studies have shown that monitoring employees electronically and in other ways is a ontogenesis part of the way Ameri toilette companies do business nowadays.Accordingly, employees private and public lives dissolve as the institution of the modish technologies in the counsel system of companies enables two the government and employers to intrude into the private affairs of the employees. It allows government and employers to gather data about them anytime and anywhere. Technological monitoring is so pervasive that it rarely differentiates amid business and professional information. It does not work to specific information that is of public or employers concern only but also to other data available.The increase variety of security measures and workplace surveillance measures are viewed to have contributed to the atmosphere of lack of presumption amongst workers, supervisors, and management. As such, these are not conducive to good organizational outcomes or productivity contrary to what employers intended and believed. Health problems of employees like stress, extreme anxiety, depression, hypertension, and others are even associated with the employees experience of having their personal affairs in the workplace and their capital punishment technologically monitored by their employers.However, the above-mentioned considerations of employees relative to the adverse effect of security measures and technology on their privacy rights can be viewed constructively. One essential only be open-minded about its positive effect to the whole organization. Background checking, drug testing, and other security measures are time and money consuming, yet it can he lp ensure safety not only to the employees but also to the whole organization.On the other hand, technology possesses the ability to change the workplace and the business world. It can unleash even the most powerful transformation. Thus, if constructively used and viewed, technology has also positive impact in the development of an organization and in the protection of its investments and imaginativenesss. It can facilitate strict observance and compliance of societys rules and regulations as well as the employees code of conduct, and professionalism. Employees must(prenominal) be aware that an employment does not give them the right to do whatever they wish within the workplace. Every employment carries a responsibility for employees to conduct themselves in a manner conforming to the policies and culture of the organization.Indeed, adopting new trends in the hiring work out as well as technology in performance monitoring is vital to foreclose abreast with the demands of the c hanging environment. Today, an organization should adopt technological changes to stay competitive and to continue existence. Opting not to adopt these management approaches and styles can be viewed as an option to stagnation. Investment of the organization is then futile if it chooses to operate in a backward manner in this information age.The new trends in the employment bear on and monitoring procedure are rightful exercise of management right. steerings ultimate goal in the adoption of these approaches is to increase efficiency and productivity in the workplace as well as ensuring safety and security of everybody. Being so, adoption of technology and technologic monitoring of employees bring advantages that pass on redound to the good of the greater majority. engineering science help promote safety and security as well as protect investments and assets of the organization. Technology has deterrent effect to employees who indulge in personal affairs or activities even while in the workplace. Technologys impact sets imperceptible boundaries amongst private affairs of employees and those that are relevant in the performance of their responsibilities in the organization.Also, the increasing concern about productivity and the need for quality improvements in industries have highlighted the importance of effectual selection and hiring do work that can be competently facilitated through the adoption of latest technology. In order to get rid of categoric applicants, it is of consequence necessity that selection process is designed in a manner that will also gather and generate information beyond what are usually presented by applicants. Today, the conduct of background check and the current trend for drug and alcohol testing requirement of would-be employees are widely accepted by employers as means of ensuring that they have the right people on board.These processes may be are tedious and would entail cost but are viewed by employers as worth the swi ther and the investment of time and money as this guarantees a certain level of efficiency in the hiring process. These technological means would control and safeguard the interest and safety of the whole organization against unqualified and unscrupulous applicants or employees. However, to avoid claims of bias, it is imperative that an organization is completely transparent about the reasons for setting up the said hiring process. Management should be able to justify the necessity of the inclusion of technology in the hiring process and in the human resource management system of the company.For most companies, an employees enchiridion is a working bible that enumerates the dos and donts in the company. As such, it can be used as an effective tool to make every employee of the organization become aware of the existence and the rationale of the adoption of certain security measures and the use of technological monitoring devices.The employees vade mecum should precisely explain its advantages and disadvantages. An employee cannot claim expiration of privacy rights in the workplace once he is made aware of policies relative to it from the very start of employment. It must be noted that this stage is critical for both the employer and prospective employee. Once the employee is aware of said measures and technology as being part of the management system of the organization, he has the option to continue or throw in the employment.If the employee is not comfortable with the arrangement, he can always forego the employment and look for another company that does not adopt new trends in technology as part of the management of their organization. However, should the employee pursue the employment, he has technically waived his right to question intrusion of his privacy. Indeed, the employees vade mecum can help facilitate transparency between employers and employees.It must be noted also that any company has the right to set the rules and regulation impact the co nduct of all persons within its premises. The management has the prerogative to adopt measures that ensure the smooth and peaceful conduct of its business and facilitate the creation of a productive atmosphere. Management has the right to demand observance of utmost professionalism in the workplace where employees separate personal from their professional affairs and responsibilities.Technological monitoring devices can aid management in the objective evaluation of employees performance, productivity, and professionalism. However, employers must also afford employees with proper orientation of their management style and training for employees efficiency and productivityLastly, as traffic on the information superhighway continues to explode employees will also continue to clamor privacy rights in their workplace. Thus, employers must endeavor to delineate workers rights to privacy and reconcile those with efficient and effective management of the organization. Employers must all th e way identify the boundaries between employees right to privacy in the workplace and the employers right to protect the interest of the organization. Employers must also realize that there are ways of weeding out bad and non-productive employees without shutting the dignity of the good employees through the indiscriminate use of technology in the workplace. corresponding health and safety in the workplace, employees are also entitled to a degree of privacy.ReferencesCrane, A. (2005). Workplace privacy? Forget it Retrieved March 21, 2007Hodges, A. (2006). Bargaining for privacy in the unionized workplace. International Journal ofComparative ram Law & Industrial Relations, 22(2), 147-182. Retrieved, February 25,2007, from the Business Source Complete Database.Tabak, F., & Smith, W. (2005). Privacy and electronic monitoring in the workplace A model ofmanagerial cognition and relational trust development. Employee Responsibilities &Rights Journal, 17(3), 173-189. Retrieved Sunday, Fe bruary 25, 2007, from the BusinessSource Complete Database.The National Privacy Principles in the Privacy Amendment (Private Sector) Act 2000 as at10/01/2001No More Privacy Rights for Employees in the WorkplacePrivacy is the quality of being secluded from the presence or view of others, the condition of being concealed or hidden. The concept of privacy in the workplace however, is not only about the literal application of the word. The privacy in the workplace concept stems from every employees desire to be protected in terms of their individual expression of life choices and lifestyles that are considered irrelevant to their employment. The claim for privacy rights of employees is anchored on what they perceived to be good, proper, and just in the workplace. Privacy in the workplace has become a core value of employees.Privacy in the workplace like health is considered a right and is treasured by almost everyone. Though privacy rights in the workplace does not appear in the U.S. Co nstitution nor is guaranteed under the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth), yet it spawns endless constitutional arguments and simultaneously increased employees clamor for privacy in the workplace. Today, said concept has become a major issue and has even rise to international prominence with the growth of information and surveillance technologies especially adopted by organizations initially to ensure security and safety of the employees and the greater majority. After the fateful event on September 11, 2001, business organizations adopted other measures that further strengthen their security and safety, yet these also work to diminish privacy of employees in their workplace.The initial intention of the adoption of security measures like background checking, drug testing, and the use of technological monitoring devices in the workplace was also later expanded as means of predicting, monitoring, and evaluating productivity and efficiency of employees in their respective work. These become part of management style of almost all organizations to secure their investments and the people. However, employees viewed these to have eradicated their right to privacy in the workplace.The use of technology is so prevalent in the corporate world that it lessens if not at all diminishes privacy in the workplace. The widely accepted and practiced E-mail monitoring, video surveillance, computerized tracking systems, genetic screening, workplace alcohol drug testing, and the use of said information by employers are viewed to have significantly eroded privacy of employees. According to Jeremy Gruber, legal director of the National Workrights Institute, an advocacy for human rights in the workplace that there is a very little, if any, privacy in the workplace especially in the private sector. Privacy is one of the most violated principles in the American-workplace. He further said that people are aware to a degree how much monitoring goes in the workplace, but most individuals are unaware o f how pervasive the lack of privacy is (Crane, 2005). This observation then fuelled many employees to demand for protection of their privacy rights.The growth of surveillance technologies has really impacted the modern corporate workplace. Employees viewed this trend to have increased the ability of employers to monitor and gather information on their personal circumstances and backgrounds that are irrelevant to their work. Studies have shown that monitoring employees electronically and in other ways is a growing part of the way American companies do business nowadays.Accordingly, employees private and public lives dissolve as the institution of the latest technologies in the management system of companies enables both the government and employers to intrude into the private affairs of the employees. It allows government and employers to gather data about them anytime and anywhere. Technological monitoring is so pervasive that it rarely differentiates between business and profession al information. It does not work to specific information that is of public or employers concern only but also to other data available.The increasing variety of security measures and workplace surveillance measures are viewed to have contributed to the atmosphere of lack of trust amongst workers, supervisors, and management. As such, these are not conducive to good organizational outcomes or productivity contrary to what employers intended and believed. Health problems of employees like stress, extreme anxiety, depression, hypertension, and others are even associated with the employees experience of having their personal affairs in the workplace and their performance technologically monitored by their employers.However, the above-mentioned considerations of employees relative to the adverse effect of security measures and technology on their privacy rights can be viewed constructively. One must only be open-minded about its positive effect to the whole organization. Background checki ng, drug testing, and other security measures are time and money consuming, yet it can help ensure safety not only to the employees but also to the whole organization.On the other hand, technology possesses the ability to change the workplace and the business world. It can unleash even the most powerful transformation. Thus, if constructively used and viewed, technology has also positive impact in the development of an organization and in the protection of its investments and resources. It can facilitate strict observance and compliance of companys rules and regulations as well as the employees code of conduct, and professionalism. Employees must be aware that an employment does not give them the right to do whatever they wish within the workplace. Every employment carries a responsibility for employees to conduct themselves in a manner conforming to the policies and culture of the organization.Indeed, adopting new trends in the hiring process as well as technology in performance mo nitoring is vital to keep abreast with the demands of the changing environment. Today, an organization should adopt technological changes to stay competitive and to continue existence. Opting not to adopt these management approaches and styles can be viewed as an option to stagnation. Investment of the organization is then futile if it chooses to operate in a backward manner in this information age.The new trends in the employment process and monitoring procedure are rightful exercise of management prerogative. Managements ultimate goal in the adoption of these approaches is to increase efficiency and productivity in the workplace as well as ensuring safety and security of everybody. Being so, adoption of technology and technologic monitoring of employees bring advantages that will redound to the benefit of the greater majority. Technology help promote safety and security as well as protect investments and assets of the organization. Technology has deterrent effect to employees who indulge in personal affairs or activities even while in the workplace. Technologys impact sets imperceptible boundaries between private affairs of employees and those that are relevant in the performance of their responsibilities in the organization.Also, the increasing concern about productivity and the need for quality improvements in industries have highlighted the importance of effective selection and hiring process that can be efficiently facilitated through the adoption of latest technology. In order to get rid of unqualified applicants, it is of utmost necessity that selection process is designed in a manner that will also gather and generate information beyond what are usually presented by applicants. Today, the conduct of background check and the current trend for drug and alcohol testing requirement of would-be employees are widely accepted by employers as means of ensuring that they have the right people on board.These processes may be are tedious and would entail cost bu t are viewed by employers as worth the effort and the investment of time and money as this guarantees a certain level of efficiency in the hiring process. These technological means would control and safeguard the interest and safety of the whole organization against unqualified and unscrupulous applicants or employees. However, to avoid claims of bias, it is imperative that an organization is completely transparent about the reasons for setting up the said hiring process. Management should be able to justify the necessity of the inclusion of technology in the hiring process and in the human resource management system of the company.For most companies, an employees handbook is a working bible that enumerates the dos and donts in the company. As such, it can be used as an effective tool to make every employee of the organization become aware of the existence and the rationale of the adoption of certain security measures and the use of technological monitoring devices. The employees ha ndbook should precisely explain its advantages and disadvantages. An employee cannot claim deprivation of privacy rights in the workplace once he is made aware of policies relative to it from the very start of employment. It must be noted that this stage is crucial for both the employer and prospective employee.Once the employee is aware of said measures and technology as being part of the management system of the organization, he has the option to continue or discontinue the employment. If the employee is not comfortable with the arrangement, he can always forego the employment and look for another company that does not adopt new trends in technology as part of the management of their organization. However, should the employee pursue the employment, he has technically waived his right to question intrusion of his privacy. Indeed, the employees handbook can help facilitate transparency between employers and employees.It must be noted also that any company has the right to set the ru les and regulation affecting the conduct of all persons within its premises. The management has the prerogative to adopt measures that ensure the smooth and peaceful conduct of its business and facilitate the creation of a productive atmosphere. Management has the right to demand observance of utmost professionalism in the workplace where employees separate personal from their professional affairs and responsibilities. Technological monitoring devices can aid management in the objective evaluation of employees performance, productivity, and professionalism. However, employers must also afford employees with proper orientation of their management style and training for employees efficiency and productivityLastly, as traffic on the information superhighway continues to explode employees will also continue to clamor privacy rights in their workplace. Thus, employers must endeavor to delineate workers rights to privacy and reconcile those with efficient and effective management of the o rganization. Employers must clearly identify the boundaries between employees right to privacy in the workplace and the employers right to protect the interest of the organization. Employers must also realize that there are ways of weeding out bad and non-productive employees without shutting the dignity of the good employees through the indiscriminate use of technology in the workplace. Like health and safety in the workplace, employees are also entitled to a degree of privacy.ReferencesCrane, A. (2005). Workplace privacy? Forget it Retrieved March 21, 2007, fromhttp//www.workrights.org/in_the_new_bankrate.htmlHodges, A. (2006). Bargaining for privacy in the unionized workplace. International Journal ofComparative Labour Law & Industrial Relations, 22(2), 147-182. Retrieved, February 25,2007, from the Business Source Complete Database.Tabak, F., & Smith, W. (2005). Privacy and electronic monitoring in the workplace A model ofmanagerial cognition and relational trust development. Em ployee Responsibilities &Rights Journal, 17(3), 173-189. Retrieved Sunday, February 25, 2007, from the BusinessSource Complete Database.The National Privacy Principles in the Privacy Amendment (Private Sector) Act 2000 as at10/01/2001

Preparing Your Classroom For The ELL Student

With many civilizations represented in today s schoolrooms and schools it is important for an pedagogue to be cognizant of the functions cultural background and English proficiency drama on physical body of study development and schoolroom direction.Educators in this class will fail cultural factors that must(prenominal) be considered when taking a theoretical account of pitch of direction, interacting with parents, implementing effectual schoolroom direction techniques, and developing school-wide pendant policies. Applying cognition gained from a assortment of beginnings, pedagogues will be able to show their apprehension by measuring and modifying dividing line of study and pressures to do them accessible to 2nd linguistic communication scholars.Learning ResultsThe pupil will be able toDis syllabus the impact parental engagement has on an English Language Learners and/or Bilingual Learners attitude and deportmentDevelop effectual ways in which to affect parents in a mean ingful modeEvaluate cultural issues for their impact on pupil behaviour, teacher answer and the classroom/school environmentsEvaluate cultural issues and depict how they impact schoolroom and school policies for subjectExamine scheduling options and analyse their consequence on the schoolroom scene and the theoretical account of bringing of directionApply pertinent larning theories in order to measure and modify schoolroom stuffs to do the course of study accessible to English Language Learners and Bilingual LearnersReflect on their single instruction manner, pupils civilization, pupils acquisition manners and territory policies as they pertain to programming, subject and schoolroom directionOnline Learning with Full Instructor FacilitationOur establishment maintains an on-line platform that automatically grades pupil pre- and post-assessments, proctors their engagement in the talk, and awards them recognition when they post in the preaching country. Teachers will supervise the advancement and quality of work the pupils provide, including the threaded discourses, and will supply feedback and measure the midterm and concluding labors.Weekly Online Lecture AssignmentsWeek 1Text bear witnessing Read most Parental Involvementhypertext take out protocol //epsl.asu.edu/epru/documents/EPSL-0801-250-EPRU.pdfPromoting ELL Parental Involvement Challenges in Contested Timeshypertext assign protocol //www.colorincolorado.org/familiesFor FamiliesWatch Video ClipsClip 1 hypertext designate protocol //www.colorincolorado.org/webcasts/preschool Interview with Rebecca Palacious, webcast and transcriptClip 2 Preschool with ELL portion IIAssignment After course session the article and the information on Colorin Colorado s For Families subdivision, survey the recommendations on page 16 of Parental Involvement pdf. Focus on the 3rd bulleted point ( Support the professional readying of teachersa ) and with that in head delimitate a plan to be used to link parents t o a subject covered in your course of study or in the For Families subdivision. In the subsidisation province the course of study subject and wherefore parental engagement would be good. How would you continue with placing the assorted functions that parents could hold in the bringing of the lessons and units related to the course of study subject?What impact would you anticipate this type of parental engagement to hold upon the parents, the pupils and the school as a whole?Discussion senesce Students must subject iodin alone find each hebdomad in consider to each of the delegate text reading and answer to a first mate pupil s remarks at least(prenominal)(prenominal) twice each hebdomad. The remarks should chap to the stuff the text reading discusses. Each remark should be at least three sentences in length. The hebdomad ends sunlight at 900 p.m.Week 2Text adaptation Read about classroom direction and cultural issueshypertext transfer protocol //4faculty.org/includes/108 r2.jspClassroom Managementhypertext transfer protocol //wik.ed.uiuc.edu/index.php/Culturally_responsive_classroom_managementCulturally responsive schoolroom directionhypertext transfer protocol //www.intime.uni.edu/multiculture/curriculum/culture/Teaching.htmCulturally antiphonal instructionWatch Video ClipsClip 1 hypertext transfer protocol //www.youtube.com/watch? v=uKsz8yBdCvMCultural ConsciousnessAssignment What does it intend to be culturally antiphonal? What is the relationship between culturally antiphonal instruction and culturally antiphonal schoolroom direction?Prior to reading these texts what was your definition of culturally antiphonal instruction or schoolroom direction? How and why have you revised your stance based upon the readings and picture? Use examples to back up your place.Discussion Board Students must subject one alone remark each hebdomad in respects to each of the assigned text reading and answer to a fellow pupil s remarks at least twice each hebdomad. T he remarks should associate to the stuff the text reading discusses. Each remark should be at least three sentences in length. The hebdomad ends Sunday at 900 p.m.Week 3Text Reading Read about programming optionshypertext transfer protocol //blogs.edweek.org/edweek/learning-the-language/2008/06/research_on_pushin_versus_push.htmlEducation Week, Research on Push In Versus Pull verbotenhypertext transfer protocol //www.cal.org/resources/digest/rennie01.htmlCenter for Applied Linguistics, ESL and Bilingual Program Models Video Cartridge holdersClip 1 hypertext transfer protocol //www.youtube.com/watch? v=Ty3n07UaFUU & A property=relatedNew Instructional Strategies Helps ELLs SucceedClip 2 hypertext transfer protocol //www.youtube.com/watch? v=THQRIs3_HMk & A feature=relatedApplied DifferentiationAssignment How are classroom direction and course of study execution influenced by the bringing of ESL/Bilingual direction being push in or draw out? Which signifier of bringing do you pri vilege and why?Discussion Board Students must subject one alone remark each hebdomad in respects to each of the assigned text reading and answer to a fellow pupil s remarks at least twice each hebdomad. The remarks should associate to the stuff the text reading discusses. Each remark should be at least three sentences in length. The hebdomad ends Sunday at 900 p.m.Midterm Project DueWeek 4Text Reading Read about Schema Theoryhypertext transfer protocol //www.cluteinstitute-onlinejournals.com/PDFs/2006100.pdfSchema Theory and L2 Reading Comprehension Deductions for Teachinghypertext transfer protocol //www2.yk.psu.edu/jlg18/506/SchemaTheory.pdfIntroduction to Schema TheoryWatch Video ClipsClip 1 hypertext transfer protocol //www.youtube.com/watch? v=sShMA85pv8MAbbott and Costello s -Who s on FirstAssignment reread the subdivision Implications and Concluding Remarks. Keeping the baseball subject in head, read the baseball subject pages in See It, Be It, Write It, pages 79-81 and 168-1 69. Then, answer inquiries 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8, and answer those inquiries as they relate to the baseball subject.Discussion Board Students must subject one alone remark each hebdomad in respects to each of the assigned text reading and answer to a fellow pupil s remarks at least twice each hebdomad. The remarks should associate to the stuff the text reading discusses. Each remark should be at least three sentences in length. The hebdomad ends Sunday at 900 p.m.Week 5Text Reading Read about doing course of study accessible to ELL and Bilingual pupilshypertext transfer protocol //www.njtesol-njbe.org/announcements/lit_position_paper.pdfLiteracy and English Language Learners in New Jersey Schoolshypertext transfer protocol //www.doe.in.gov/lmmp/pdf/ELL_literacy_development.pdfU.S. Department of Education ELL Literacy and Language DevelopmentWatch Video ClipsClip 1 hypertext transfer protocol //www.teachertrainingvideos.com/Assignment Given an test, choice two inquiries and explicate how you could back up the pupil s unwritten linguistic communication and background cognition in order to ease command of the construct assessed in those inquiries. Select three inquiries and explicate how you could modify them for usage with ELL and/or bilingual pupils. Use at least two resources from the teachertrainingvideos.com web site to back up your alterations.Discussion Board Students must subject one alone remark each hebdomad in respects to each of the assigned text reading and answer to a fellow pupil s remarks at least twice each hebdomad. The remarks should associate to the stuff the text reading discusses. Each remark should be at least three sentences in length. The hebdomad ends Sunday at 900 p.m.Week 6Text Reading Read about cultural positionshypertext transfer protocol //ncrtl.msu.edu/http/sreports/sr293.pdfNCRTL Particular Report Educating Teachers for Cultural Diversity.hypertext transfer protocol //www.enquirer.com/discipline/disciplineday3main.htmlThe Inquirer Sch ool Disciplinehypertext transfer protocol //www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/physed/physed1-5/ep_perspective3.htmlPersonal Social and Cultural Perspective in Physical EducationWatch Video ClipsClip 1 hypertext transfer protocol //www.youtube.com/watch? v=ji5_MqicxSo & A feature=relatedRandy Pausch Last Lecture Achieving Your Childhood DreamsAssignment After reading the three articles, choose 2 subjects that connect the readings. Explain the subject and the connexions. Reread the particular study in order to place two things that have changed since it was published in the 1990s and two state of affairss that still exist. Finally bring out an case in your school, territory or your educational life that relates to one of the readings and the picture cartridge holder. What is the relationship?Discussion Board Students must subject one alone remark each hebdomad in respects to each of the assigned text reading and answer to a fellow pupil s remarks at least twice each hebdomad. The remarks sh ould associate to the stuff the text reading discusses. Each remark should be at least three sentences in length. The hebdomad ends Sunday at 900 p.m.Final Undertaking DueDiscussion BoardStudents must subject one alone remark each hebdomad in respects to each of the assigned text reading and answer to a fellow pupil s remarks at least twice each hebdomad. The remarks should associate to the stuff the text reading discusses. Each remark should be at least three sentences in length. The hebdomad ends Sunday at 900 p.m. Pacific solar day TimeIf a pupil works in front during the six hebdomad class they should still post every hebdomad for the automatic grading package to number the posters.Students are reminded to look into the proclamation subdivision of the treatment board often for points of involvement from the module.Students are besides reminded to utilize the electronic mail, non the treatment board, to inquire inquiries or do remarks directed to their facilitator.Methods of di rection Percentage of Course CreditVideo Lectures 20 %Textbook/Articles Readings 10 %Midterm project 25 %Final undertaking 30 %Discussion Board interaction ( hebdomadal entries ) 10 %Engagement 5 %Rating criteria/system and rating activitiesA class decision shaping machine will be reexamining pupils replies and supplying feedback. Students will be evaluated on their creativeness and ability to integrate techniques from the talk into the treatment board, research documents, illustrations and lesson programs.University Grading CriteriaGrade Equivalent97-100 % A+93-96 % Angstrom90-92 % A-87-89 % B+83-86 % B80-82 % B-77-79 % C+73-76 % C70-72 % C-69 % or below UAttendance/ParticipationIt is expected that pupils will go to all instructional Sessionss, required activities, and field assignments.Students who do non go to the first dark of category AND do non advise the teacher in progress will be dropped from the class and possibly charged a class bead fee.University Computer Lab/Librar y ServicesPlease refer to Section VI in the Student Handbook.Disability ServicessPlease refer to Section VII in the Student Handbook.Due day of the months of major assignments, undertakings, and scrutiniesMidterm Due DatesFinal Due DatesDiscussion Board Interaction One alone remark and one response to a pupils remark by Sunday of each hebdomad.MIDTERM PROJECTDate DueLook at your current instruction agenda and your lesson programs.How flexible have those guidelines and timeframes become payable to alterations in the school agenda that are the consequence of the inclusion body of ELLs or Bilingual pupils in the general instruction categories? How are schedules different in categories where the bringing of direction is pull out as compared to and/or contrasted with push in plans?How make your presently supply services to the 2nd linguistic communication scholars in your schoolroom? How is direction provided to such pupils throughout the school and the territory? Which theoretical acc ount do you prefer for yourself, the instructor, and why? Which theoretical account do you prefer for the pupils and why?FINAL UndertakingDate DueBased on the constructs presented in this class, analyse your schoolroom and your school s subject program. Include a treatment on how you communicate your outlooks to the pupils and parents. How do you make out to the parents/guardians of the ELL and Bilingual pupils? What has been tried and successful? What can be improved based on what you have learned?How has the inclusion of ELL/Bilingual pupils in the general instruction puting impacted schoolroom direction and subject?Why may classroom direction and subject be handled other than in general instruction categories, in ELL categories or in Bilingual categories? Should at that place be differences in attacks? Why or why non? fix a paper in APA manner that is between 6-8 pages, non numbering the screen page or mention page.

New Historicist Criticism: Macbeth and the Power Essay

Stripped of Shakespeargons poetic style and skilful characterization, Macbeth is revealed as little more than a petty tyrant. Like Machiavellis Prince, Macbeth seeks power as an end in itself and sees any means as justified provided it helps him achieve his goal. It is a standard image of power an individual, or sm only group, occupying a space of authority from which he (seldom she) attempts to force his will upon others. Todays equivalent of a feudal monarch is the power-hungry politician, the cult leader, or the ruthless business tycoon. notwithstanding the new historicist conception of power is different instead than being a top-down affair that originates from a specific place or individual, power comes from all around us, it permeates us, and it influences us in many subtle and different ways. This idea of decentralized power, heavily indebted to post-structuralist philosophy (see Derrida and Foucault), is sometimes difficult to understand because it seems to engender an intangible, mystical quality. Power appears to operate and maintain itself on its own, without any identifiable individual actually wor poof the control levers. This new historicist notion of power is homely in Macbeth in the way in which Macbeths apparent subversion of authority culminates in the re-establishment of that same type of authority under Malcolm.A ruthless king is replaced with another king, a less ruthless one, perhaps, but that is due to Malcolms benevolent disposition, not to any reform of the monarchy. Similarly, the subversion of the plays moral order is contained, and the old order reaffirmed, by the righteous response to that subversion. In other words, what we see at the beginning of the playan established monarch and the strong Christian values that legitimize his sovereigntyis the same as what we see at the end of the play, only now the monarchy and its supporting values are even more firmly entrenched thanks to the temporary disruption. It is almost as if s ome outside force carefully orchestrates events in order to substantiate the existing power structures. Consider, for example, a military leader who becomes afraid of the peace that undermines his position in society. In response to his insecurity, he creates in peoples minds the fear of an impending enemywhether real or imaginary, it doesnt matter. As a consequence of their new feelings of insecurity, people desire that their leader remain in power and even increase his power so that he can better defend them from their new II enemy. II The more evil and grave our enemies are made to appear, the more we believe our own aggressive response to them is justified, and the more we see our leaders as our valiant protectors (Zinn,Declarations of Independence 260-61,266).Military or political power is strengthened, not weakened, when it has some kind of threatening subversion of contain ( Greenblatt 62-65). The important point about the new historicist notion of power, however, is that i t is not obligatory for anyone to orchestrate this strengthening of authority. Duncan certainly doesnt plan to be murdered in order that the crown will be more secure on Malcolms head after he deposes Macbeth. The witches can be interpreted as manipulating events, but there is nothing to indicate that they are motivated by a concern to increase the power and authority of the Scottish crown. It is not necessary to believe in conspiracy theories to explain how power perpetuates itself the circular and indirect, rather than top-down, way in which power operates in society is enough to ensure that it is maintained and its authority reinforced. The theater illustrates this point in that the Renaissance theaterits theatre of operations matter, spectacle, emphasis on role-playingdrew its energy from the life of the flirt and the affairs of recounttheir ceremony, royal pageants and progresses, the spectacle of public executions (Greenblatt 11-16).In return, the theater helped legitimate the existing state structures by emphasizing, for example, the superior position in society of the aristocracy and royalty. These are the class of people, the theater repeatedly showed its audience, who deserve to have their stories told on stage, while commons people are not worthy subject areas for serious drama and are usually represented as fools or scoundrels. Revealing the inherently theatrical aspects of the court and affairs of state runs the risk of undermining their authorityif people on stage can play at being Kings and Queens, lords and ladies, then there is always the surmisal that the audience will suspect that real Kings and Queens, lords and ladies, are just ordinary people who are playing a role and do not actually deserve their position of wealth and privilege. But the very existence of the theater helped keep the threat of rebellion under control by providing people with a legitimate, though restricted, place to express otherwise unacceptable ideas and behavio r (Mullaney 8-9). Within the walls of the theater, it is acceptable to mock the actor playing a king, but never the king himself it is acceptable to contemplate the murder of a theatrical monarch, but never a real one.Macbeth deals with the murder of a king, but Shakespeare turns that potentially subversive subject into support for his king, James I. Queen Elizabeth died without a direct heir, and a power vacuum is a recipe for domestic turmoil or even war. The consequences of Macbeths regicide and tyranny illustrate the kinds of disruption that were prevented by the peaceful ascension to the throne of James, son of Mary, Queen of Scots. The good king of England ( 4.3 .147) who gives Malcolm sanctuary and supports his cause as the just successor to the Scottish crown is an indirect reference to James I. Macbeth is about treason and murder, but Malcolms description of the noble king (147-59), and the stark argument between him and Macbeth, reinforces the idea that good subjects sh ould see their king as their benefactor and protector. Shakespeare was not coerced into flattering his king. There was official censorship in his time, but it is unbelievable that he needed anyone to tell him what he could or could not write he knew the types of stories that were acceptable to authority and desirable to his paying public.Whether or not Shakespeare mat constrained by these limitations, or even consciously recognized them, is not the point the point is that he worked within a set of conventions and conditions which relied upon and reinforced the regime power relations of his time, and so there was no need for him to be manipulated by a government censor looking over his shoulder. If Shakespeare had not know the boundaries of the acceptable, or had not conformed to the demands of power, he would never have become a successful playwright.According to new historicism, our own relationship to power is similar to that of Shakespeares we collaborate with the power that c ontrols us. Without necessarily realizing what we are doing, we help create and sustain it, thus reducing the need for authority figures to remind us what to do or think. Once we accept the cultural limitations imposed on our thought and behavior, once we believe that the limits of the permissible are the extent of the possible, then we happily police ourselves. .

Opinion on American Gothic Painting

I have seen this image, just dont know the tittle. I have seen it in movies, cartoons, and parodies of the painting. The painting is a male and female who most likely live on farmland. The male is holding a pitchfork, both of them take care very serious but looking in different directions. They may either be just posing for the painting or waiting for intruders to admit their property. The male and female look bothered with something, they are not happy. They are wearing old-fashioned clothes, very traditional American clothes. They look healthy but the male looks older than the female, maybe her father or an older husband at the time.They look like typical suburban American people at the time. The top of their house looks a little like a church but they are definitely farmers. The painting represents the typical American family/folk in a certain time period and area. The painting is famous because its the reality of suburban American life at that time, and this may be controversi al. No one likes to hear/see the truth. I did not know the name of the painting so I googled, famous American paintings. It was the first photo that came up, so I clicked on it and found out the artisan and the paintings name.I googled the name of the painting and got many websites that have material on it. The artists name is Grant Wood native of Chicago. The painting is of a farmer and his daughter posing in posing in front of their house, whose window and tracery had an American gothic style, which inspired the name of the painting, American Gothic. The models were the artists sister and dentist. Wood was accused of creating in this work a jeering on the intolerance and strictness that the limited nature of rural life can produce. He sold this painting to the Art institute in November of 1930.

Great Wall of China

The Rise and Fall of chinaw atomic number 18s Great hem in The rise and fall of mainland Chinas Great entertain the race to save a world treasure surplus Report Current Events, Sept 27, 2002 Save a personal copy of this article and quickly check it again with Furl. net. Its free Save it. MADE OF BRICK, STONE, and dirt, the Great contend twists and turns across Chinas landscape like a giant dragon. It seems to rise out of the sea at Bo Hal gulf, a place known to local population as Laolongtou, or the old dragons head. The surround then stretches across the plains, crawls along the sides of mountains and scales their peaks as it spans the Asian countryside.This past wonder, built entirely by hand, often overwhelms visitors. On a trip to the ram give out in 1909, french scholar Auguste Gilbert de Voisins said, Nothing s filchs it, nothing gets in its way seeing it at this point, unrivalled efficiency believe it to be eternal. Today, however, neglect, misuse, and moderni zation endanger the giant dragon. Although the skirt once stretched nearly 4,000 miles across Chinas northern border, only astir(predicate)(predicate) 1,500 miles of Chinas Great Wall remain. The rest has fallen apart and disappe ared. This year, the reality Monuments pedigree placed the Great Wall on its list of 100 Most Endangered Sites.The group hopes to cheer whats left of the protect and to encourage the Chinese government and others to save the historic body structure. concord to a World Monuments Fund report, The wall was built to protect China now China must protect it. The Great Wall of Qin Chinas Great Wall didnt start out so great. Begun nearly 2,300 years ago, the structure was a serial of small fortifications. As early as 600 B. C. , people in China built small walls about their homes and cities for protection. Soldiers guarded the gates around the city walls during the day and swung the gates shut at night.During the Warring States design (475-221 B. C. ), leaders struggling for control of China built walls around entire kingdoms. Soldiers occupied forts and towers on the wall and fought to protect the borders of the independent states. In 221 B. C. , Qin Shi Huangdi unified the kingdoms and became the first base emperor of China. Qin Shi Huangdi gave orders to build the chang cheng, or long wall, to protect China from northern nomads who were trying to invade China. Laborers built the wall by joining walls constructed earlier and extending the length of the wall to nearly 3,100 miles.With the help of General Meng Tian, Qin Shi Huangdi ordered 800,000 mensoldiers, prisoners, and peasantsto build the wall. Where stones were plentiful, workers used stones to build separate of the wall. Where stones were scarce, workers used dirt. To build the wall, laborers dug up large amounts of dirt and carried it to the wall. The workers then piled dirt into wooden frames about 6 inches deep. They used wooden instruments to pound the dirt until i t became a solid mass. This process was repeated until the wall reached a desired height.Workers then moved the wooden frames to the next section of the wall and began the process again. According to legend, Qin Shi Huangdi condemned workers to death for making the slightest construction errors. Today, few traces of the Qin wall remain. afterward Qin Shi Huangdis death in 210 B. C. , workers abandoned the wall and it eventually crumbled into ruins. The Ming Fortress Nearly all of Qin Shi Huangdis successors built walls along Chinas northern frontier. The fortifications, however, never fully protect China from invasion.During the early 13th century, Genghis Khan, leader of the Mongols, a nomad group from the north, united several nomad armies and conquered much of Asia. In 1279, Genghis Khans grandson, Kubilai Khan, overthrew the Chinese emperor and established the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368). The Yuan emperors did not maintain the old wall or build a new one, so the wall began to fal l into ruins. After Khan died in 1227, a Chinese farmer named Zu Yuanzhang led a rebel army and helped overthrow the last Yuan emperor. When Zu Yuanzhang seized power, he established the Ming dynasty (1368-1644).Zu and his successors decided to rebuild Chinas Great Wall, which lay well-nighly in ruins, to keep the Mongols from returning to reconquer China. For nearly 200 years, thousands of workers toiled away on the Ming wallreinforcing the Great Wall with bricks and stone. The Ming wall eventually bar mountain passes that Mongol soldiers had used to invade China. When Mongol tribes attacked the wall, Chinese soldiers alerted others by lighting signal fires. When guards from a signal tower saw the fire, they built another fire, passing the warning along the wall.The number of commode plumes and cannon shots fired indicated to Chinese soldiers how many enemy soldiers were approaching. The Ming government taxed the people of China heavily to relent for construction of the Great W all. In 1644, the Manchus, a nomad tribe from northeast of Peking, helped rebels overthrow the Ming rulers and started the next era in Chinese historythe Qing dynasty. During the Qing dynasty, Manchu forces drove out Mongol invaders and extended Chinas border farther north beyond the Great Wall. The wall no longer protected Chinas border, so construction stopped and soldiers abandoned the fortresses.The Wall At Risk Today, Chinese officials warn that the Great Wall is once again under attack. save this time the wall is not in danger from invaders. Instead local people and tourers alike threaten the wall. Dong Yaohui, head of the Great Wall Society of China, recently persuaded a local government to impose a fine on residents in a small village after they demolished part of the wall to obtain bricks for new houses. And in 1999, officials in the autonomous region of Nei Monggol (once called Inner Mongolia) plowed done the Great Wall to build a highway. Nature has also taken its to ll.At the walls western end, desert sandstorms go through worn down much of Chinas great wonder. Dong Yaohui said, Saving the Great Wall is now the most urgent task facing our country. Its splendor must be rebuilt. Preservationists also argue that commercial developers are destroying the aesthetic beauty of Chinas Great Wall. Developers have turned parts of the wall into a tourist desti domain. Visitors to the wall at the Badaling section near nifty of Red China can take one of five cable cars to the top of the wall, bungee-jump off a section of the wall, paraglide along the wall, or ride a toboggan down the mountain.William Lindesay, an Englishman victuals in China, organized a group to protect and preserve what is left of the wall. Lindesays group, the International Friends of the Great Wall, workings with local villagers to pick up garbage along the wall and make sure the wall is protected from vandals. The wall is in grave, grave danger, Lindesay said. The Chinese governmen t also hopes to protect the national treasure. Officials in Beijing are considering legislation that, if passed, would convict anyone caught littering or defacing the Great Wall to a jail term of up to seven years.Arthur Waldron, a historian, wrote, Whatever the future brings, the image of the wall as a symbol of China seems bound to endure. Get Talking Ask students why do you think the Great Wall of China was built? What is the approximate length of the wall? What might have been some of the challenges faced by the walls builders? What might the wall be threatened today? Background The Great Wall is among the most popular tourist destinations in China, along with the Forbidden City in Beijing, and the Terra Cotta Warriors at Xian.Qin Shi Huangdi (the first emperor of China) unified the nation of China and built the first Great Wall. After Qin Shi Huandi died, he was buried in a tomb with an army of terra cotta warriors and horses at Xian. In 1974, Qin Ski Huangdis tomb was disc overed by a group of archaeologists. During the Qin Dynastywhen the first Great Wall was builtworkers toiled for ten years to build the wall, at a rate of about 25 miles per month. Portions of the wall have been rebuilt during the past centuryincluding the section of the wall at Badaling, near Chinas capital of Beijing. Many myths surround Chinas Great Wall.One of the most prevalent is that the Great Wall is the only man-made structure visible from the Moon. However, according to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), The Great Wall can notwithstanding be seen from the Shuttle, so it would not be possible to see it from the Moon with the naked eye. Doing More After students have read the story, ask them to research other sites listed as endangered by the World Monuments Fund. What are the biggest threats to those sites? Why are the sites considered important? When students have finished gathering the information, have them present their findings to the class.

Abortion: One of the Most Argumentative Topics

cardinal of the active argumentative topics with our judicatory today is the topic of spontaneous miscarriage. Abortion has been practiced in the linked States since the founding of the land according to You debate. It all began when married char cleaning fair sexhood moved to lower their fertility rates after 1830. it became a widespread practice held in the linked States. According to You debate, doctors estimated that in the 1960s through the 1970, in that respect was at least one miscarriage e actually four births. One common worry that sexual relation had was the safety of the mothers during the spontaneous abortion progress.Before 1973, abortions were preformed illegally, and in unskilled ways, many a nonher(prenominal) cleaning woman died from the awful infections and intense bleeding. Hangers and other sharp objects were one of many objects used for illegal abortions (you debate, 2). in that location argon numerous crusades as to why someone would be for abortions, or against abortions. In my own individualised opinion, I remember that a woman has a effective to decide what she would like to do. This essay leave consist of both pros and cons of abortion. Also, it will include certain cases that been brought to the congresss attention.Abortion is a topic that several Americans have expressed their concerns with. People have the make up to their own opinion whether they atomic number 18 pro or con for abortion. There are several reasons for pro-choice. One according to WCLA, is that we support reproductive freedom which means that an individual woman should be able to bring her own choice whether or non she is going to give birth to the child. Also, laws have never halt abortion. When illegal abortion was the leading killer of woman in the United States, there was no practiced to career choice. approximately batch in the United States believe that abortion may be the chastely right choice under certain circumstances. S ome of those circumstances are for example when a woman is rapped. If a woman gets rapped, I believe that is she is pregnant by the man, that she does have a right whether or not to birth the child because of the circumstances. According to WLCA, Many mass who are personally equalized to abortion for religious or moral reasons also believe that its wrong to impulse their values by civil law on everyone.You dont have to like abortion to respect the right of choice. Another argument that congress has had to face is whether the baby is considered a alive, or is not. According to WLCA, The fetus is on the whole dependent on the body of the woman for its life support. The health of the fetus is directly colligate to the health of the pregnant woman. Only at birth are they separated. A woman named Margaret Sanger said, No woman can call herself free who does not own and control her own body. Almost all legislatures who oppose abortion rights also support the death penalty.One migh t ask if they think that people who are are convicted of murder are no longer human. According to the WLCA, The Constitution protects various rights that are not specifically mentioned. The constitutional right of privacy has been interpreted repeatedly to include matters of marriage, sex, and family, specifically the right to be free from unwarranted governmental intrusion into matters so fundamentally affecting a person as the decision whether to bear a child or beget a child. The agreement among the people of the United States has grown in support.In 1982, an NBC poll showed that 77% agreed to abortion should be between the woman and the doctor only. Another poll showed that 5. 4% of rape victims become pregnant. This poll proved that people are becoming more than sympathetic towards women who are being rapped and getting pregnant. Also, most medications are not all in all 100% effective for getting pregnant. Because of this, abortion should not be a problem because all medicat ions are not 100% effective. Also, some people cannot afford to pay for medications. Therefore, abortion would be necessary.According to WLCA, The join on in teen sex has complex society causes, including sexually orientated such as TV, movies, and ads. expect control and abortion dont cause sex. The Supreme Court, in 1976, reaffirmed that the privacy allows woman to be free of governmental interference in decisions about childbearing. The court struck down the law that the catch of the child does not have a say so in the decision of his unborn child. The court came to the conclusion that the person who is physically bearing the child is more affected by the pregnancy.Another reason for abortion is that most un urgencyed babies are usually battered or even killed by the adolescent resurrects are not ready to raise a child. The parents may not want the baby, so there fore they do not show or give the baby the love that he or she needs. Most abortions are done for health reason. When is a woman is with child, there are several cases in which the mother could in fact become in danger is the mother does decide to bear the child. In some cases, the babies that are being aborted are un goodish babies. The parents can try again for a healthy baby.Also if we have abortion clinics, there will be a less percent of abortion mills. These are places in which woman have high risks of being hurt by the people actually doing the procedure. One last reason according to WLCA, why abortions should be accepted in the United States is that when a child is in the wound, the brain and sensory waves do not develop until the 30th week. Most abortions do not accrue usually after the 24th week. There are several reasons as to why people do not accept abortion in the Untied States. People believe that human life begins when there is conception of a child.Therefore, it would be calling abortion murder. According to WLCA, abortion is morally wrong. wrong. They believe that if you t hink abortion is morally wrong, you are obligated to work to make abortion illegal. People also believe that it is a sense of decay towards Americans. People believe that the fetus is not just part of the mother, but actually another separate human being. The argument that argues a womans rights to her own body are argued with the statement, The right of the unborn to live supersedes any right of a woman to control her own body (WLCA, 1 ).Abortion could also be wrong because it is describe as taking a human life. Also, if abortion is not mentioned in the Constitution, then why is it considered a constitutional right? People in the United States declare that we add an amendment that describes it as the human life amendment. This would consist of declaring a fetus a full person. Also, abortion should not be legal because of a rape situation. They believe this because the percent of woman who get pregnant after being rapped are very low.The question will always remain If you are having sex, you should be able to pay for consequences. Most Americans live that if a woman is old enough to have sex, then she is able to mother care of a child if she is aware of the idea of getting pregnant. According to DEBATE, Teenagers are being les and less capable of verbal expression no. Having the option of abortion increases the sexual experiences of teenagers. People think that the teenager who is considering having an abortion, to consult their parents first.They believe that the parent will be able to help guide the teenagers decision to a more moral outcome. Another argument is that most parents, who do not want the child at the time, want the child later on in life. There are several other negative effectuate of abortion such as woman who have died from legal abortion verses those who have died from illegal abortions. rent shows that if a woman has an abortion, then it could possibly affect her pregnancy later on in life. toleration affects are also a strong case i n congress with the subject of abortion.They want people to know that they could give birth to the child, and then give it up for adoption. There has also been a paucity is adoptive children because of the high numbers of abortion each year. In conclusion, there are several opinions on whether a woman has the right to carry her pregnancy to full term. There are several pros and cons about the topic abortion. In the United States, people battle with abortion everyday. This is a topic that may take several years to finally resolve with the Supreme Court. Is it that we are murdering a human being?Does a woman have the right whether to bear and have her child? Should the Supreme Court be for or against it? Both sides have very strong points of view about the positive and negative affects. With the case of Madsen V. cleaning womans Health Center, the people protesting do have the right to their freedom of speech because it was not trespassing. plainly will it do any good or have any a ffect on the woman going in and out of the clinic? Who knows? This is a difficult decision that the Congress will have to decide. We may never be alive when this conflict is resolved.

Fast Fashion

Introduction The clothing industry, as single of the most ball-shapedizes industries in the world (Fibonacci et al 1994), is currently undergoing a restructuring, especially the prompt panache sector. Fashion marts argon corresponding with rapid changes and short product life cycles. Therefore, changes in consumer demand for newness and make trend force the ontogenesis of fast forge schema in retailers manage Ezra and HM and shifts in the focus of free-enterprise(a) emolument from impairment towards nimble chemical reaction.That is to say, clothing firms, which argon adopting ball-shaped or inshore sourcing schema, are not noninsured to learn more competitive advantages as before. However, the question is should fast fashion retailers adopt lively retort dodging instead of oversea sourcing strategy immediately, or adopt some(prenominal) strategies? In the first section, a lit review of the genius of fashion commercialize and related to arguments depart be introduced. The overseas sourcing strategy and the energetic resolution strategy will be explained with characters of existing clothing firms in the second and the third section.The after part section will compare and contrast the advantage and disadvantages of these two strategies. Combining theoretical knowledge with empirical case studies, it is argued that companies could reach the maximum profit by adopting overseas sourcing strategy as well as expeditious response strategy. 1 . Literature Review Fashion retailers, such as Ezra, HM, Benton and tag Spencer have revolutionized the fashion industry by creating a concept of fast fashion.The change in the destination of fashion from haute couture to fast fashion has attracted numerous researchers to identify and explore the nature of fast fashion food market (Tokomak 2008, p. 22, Christopher et al 2004, p. 367, soul and -raccoon 2008, Tactile et al 2008). Accordingly, short life cycles, rapid prototyping and high volatility are identified as the key features of the fashion market. Compared to another(prenominal) industries, apparel product manufacturing has rum features, for instance, numerous SKIS ( comport holding unit) in a season, hard to estimate customers demand and wide range of products for basic to fashion items Non 2004).All these unique characteristics require a different approach to performance sourcing, Soul and Turn-on (2008) pointed out that fast fashion retailers prefer using an opportunity-pull approach to the traditional designer-push model. By adopting the new approach, retailers could respond to the shifts in the market as quickly as possible. As a result, the more continuous work schedule (eight to twelve fashion seasons) has substituted for the traditional two to four seasons calendar (Tactile et al 2008, p. 264, the Tempter 2011, p. 316).In relation to global production networks, Dickens (2011) identified the core of a global production network as the circuit of four basic operations, which refers to inputs, transformation, statistical distribution and consumption. Theoretically, the quicker the production circuit flows, the high(prenominal) the gross margin the association dissolve gain. When we apply the opening into the clothing industry, the live of production and the speed to response to changes in consumer demand are equally important. some(prenominal) of them could contribute to the flow of production circuit.Since numbers of studies have elaborated the benefit of production relocation, the implementation of quick response strategy by fashion retailers has attracted the interest of researchers in recent years (Bristle et al 2003, Perry and change 2000, leer and Bergen 1997). However, results of an exploratory study (Bristle et al 2003) shows that the advantages of quick response strategy have not been in full understood by fashion retailers. They tend to implement quick response strategy for internal publish chain management.Moreover, leer and Bergen (1997) tried to use formal model to examine the impact of quick response strategy on fashion retailers. Although there is companies already adopted both strategies, limited attention has been remunerative to the combined effect of these two strategies by researchers. Hypothesis In an era of fast fashion, companies that adopt both global sourcing strategy and quick response strategy have better chance to succeed in the fashion looting market. 2. Cost, the most basic consideration. In order to have higher profit margin, one of the most effective ways is to cut down production follows.In view of the low labor cost in developing countries, global sourcing seems to be a good choice to reduce costs. With the development of global production networks and the increasing competition, fast all fashion clothing firms have shifted their manufacturing operations to low wooly locations over the past decades. The shifts in the Shares manufacturer Levi Stratuss global strategy co uld vividly demonstrate how global sourcing strategy works and affect its put up chain. At first, the company was created in the USA.As it developed and became a global company, they began to engagement workers all over the world. However, in fountain of fierce competition, Levi Strauss started to shift its operation to disgrace-cost countries in the late sass. By the year 2003, Levi Strauss closed the last four plants in North American and has pop off an entirely inshore producer (Dickens 2011 p. 318). The German fashion company Hugo Boss also provides similar example. In face of high production cost, namely high labor cost in domestic market, more and more fashion retailers strike to outsource their production.Moreover, some fast fashion retailers even off have no manufacturing postulatency (Tokomak 2008). The representatives of this kind of retailers are Gap, H&M and Mango. As they do not own any factories, the only way for them do produce their products is outsourcing. The success of these retailers without factories proves the feasibility of global sourcing strategy. By contrast, when most retailers were busy outsourcing their production to lower cost countries, some fast fashion retails all the same insist on domestic sourcing strategy, for instance, Ezra, Benton and Marks & Spencer.They held the view that market legibility and lean inventories may be more important than cheap labor (Tokomak 2008). However, could efficiency really mortify the lost in higher production cost? Maybe no one could answer this question. If we presume Ezra as an example and engender out where Ezra produce the products, we could develop our own view. As a Spanish company owned by Inedited, Ezra produce its products mainly in Spain and Portugal (Wood 2010). Whereas their competitor found providers from worldwide low-cost countries, Ezra choose to produce products near its domestic market.That maximizes time efficiency. In fact, the unit labor costs in these two coun tries were low enough in the sass (Tokomak 2008), therefore, there is no need for Ezra to outsource its productions to other locations. It has the similar competitive advantage as other companies have, besides, by domestic sourcing and producing Just-in-time, Saras production cycles are untold faster than its competitors. In this respect, it is better for Ezra to adopt the domestic sourcing strategy. However, recent years, the geography of Saras production network has become diverse.Ezra started to outsource and 34 percent of its production was carried out in Asia (Dickens 2011). Similar situation have also occurred in Benton and Marks & Spencer. On one hand, the unit labor cost among European countries has increased in recent years. On the other hand, the supplier firms in countries like Turkey, India and Asia have gained the ability to meet the higher requirement of flexibility and speed. It is inevitable for fast fashion retailers sourcing from these countries. However, companie s should also be aware of the potential risks and occult cost brought by overseas sourcing.Global sourcing strategy requires close coordination of R&D, manufacturing, and merchandise activities on a global basis. Managing geographically separated R&D, manufacturing, and marketing activities, those companies face difficult coordination problems of integrating operations and adapting them to different legal, political, and cultural environments in different countries (Daniels et al 2013). Furthermore, separation of manufacturing activities involves an inherent risk that manufacturing in the value chain will gradually becomes neglected.Such neglect can be costly as observed involvement in manufacturing tends to shoot to pioneering product design and innovation over time. An effective global sourcing strategy calls for continual forts to streamline manufacturing without sacrificing marketing flexibility. 3. Time, the growing consideration. With the wide spread of fast fashion princ iple, fast fashion retailers are aware of the importance of efficiency. They distinguish that consumer demand is changing more rapidly and customers more discerning near quality and choice.Although a self-coloured cost advantage can be gained by adopting overseas sourcing strategy, it cannot compress time in the supply system. To solve this problem, companies tend to choose the quick response strategy, which focuses on providing shorter lead times. According to Bristle et al (2003), quick response strategy was first developed as a result of the need to compete with offshore manufacturers in the USA. The quick response strategy emphasizes on flexibility and product velocity and relies on a measure of trust in sharing information (Barnes and Lea-Greenwood 2006 p. 63). In addition, while maximizing the transition of products, quick response could minimize lead-times, expenditure, cost and stock of inventory. Quick response is not merely about reducing lead-time by the use of domest ic or nearby sourcing strategy, it also involves the ability to gather in style(p) information and use real-time data to understand the needs of the consumers. To some extent, quick response function to shorten the product cycle times and decrease risks and inventories at each stage of manufacturing and retailing operations.The Spanish Ezra, as mentioned before, is an excellent example of a vertically integrated retailer using quick response methods (Bristle et al 2003). Despite successful application of the concept fast fashion in HM and Top Shop, Ezra utilizes the fast fashion strategy in all aspects dominant, fast fashion in Ezra meaner, at bottom only two weeks from concept to sales faster than any other company. Unlike most of its competitors, Ezra still produces most of the products in Spain and Portugal and only outsource basic items in lower cost countries.By adopting quick response strategy, Ezra focused on creating a short, flexible, tight and innovative supply chain a nd tried to balance the higher labor cost by shorter (3-6 weeks) lead times. As a result, Saras short deliveries have made it as much as 12 times faster than the competition (Newsweek 2001, p. 36, cited in Tokomak 2008, p. 30). Ezra launches almost 11000 new products in a year, which meaner the update speed is about two or three times a week. In 2005, sales grew by 21 percent over the prior fiscal year in Ezra, which makes Inedited ahead of H&M for the first time (Daniel et al 2013).The good result indicates that domestic sourcing still works as long as the company finds out a way to compensate for the losses in production cost. Having witnessed the successful date of Ezra, competitors started to follow the lead of Ezra. For instance, Benton now replenishes stores once a week, Forever 21 Inc. And preposterous are able to get new products in store thin 6 weeks (Ordered and Johnson 2008). Another example that worth to be mentioned is the Next brand in the ELK. Base on the quick respo nse strategy, the company uses a limited edition approach to accelerate the update speed.Moreover, in order to respond to the changes in demand as soon as possible, next has even purchased part of a multi-national clothing supplier to enable constantly changing ranges by reducing lead time (Bristle et al 2003). As we can learn from the case studies, time becomes a priority consideration in the fashion market. The adoption of quick response method should be able to make manufacturer to adjust the reduction of different styles, color and sizes in response to retail sales during the season (Seen 2007). 4.Comparison between overseas sourcing strategy and quick response strategy One of the biggest differences is that overseas sourcing strategy uses cost as a competitive weapon while quick response strategy uses time. As we known, both cost and time are the keys for retailers to gain more market share and profit The dilemma for fast fashion companies is Whether fashion retailers should o utsource production overseas for lower production cost or keep manufacturing nearby to facilitate speed. As highlighted earlier, the fashion market is vaporific and unpredictable.Quick response strategy emerges in such an environment. Compared to overseas sourcing strategy, which faces long transport times and difficulty in controlling over production, quick response strategy enables retailers to cope with uncertainty or changes in the fashion market. On the other hand, although domestic sourcing provides companies from paying for higher logistic cost and other hidden costs, offshore sourcing secures lower cost inputs, (Christopher et al 2004). It is argued that fast fashion companies need to adopt strategies that optimally mix overseas sourcing ND quick response to win the market.The changes occurred in Marks & Spencer over these years could help us understand the advantages and disadvantages of both strategies. As a major British retailer, it chooses to use local suppliers for de cades. However, in face of the downward pressure on price, it abandoned its domestic sourcing strategy and started to relocate production overseas (Christopher et al 2006). Accordingly, the average hourly labor cost in the I-J is nine times higher than in Morocco and even nineteen times higher than in China, Pakistan and Indonesia.After adopting oversea suppliers, Marks & Spencer on noticed that they overlooked the related problems, such as the cost of transportation, the need to forecast styles, colors and volumes in advance and the risk of stock inventory. Facing the challenge of adopting global sourcing, Marks & Spencer tend to use dual supply chains. By combing global sourcing strategy and quick response strategy, fashionable items are manufactured in locations with a journey time no more than four days.For basic items, for which demand is easier to be predicted, Marks & Spencer continue producing them in lower cost locations (Christopher et al 2006). Likewise, Ezra has also ado pted both strategies for its supply chain. Today, price is no longer the determined factor that concerned by customers. Many companies consider not simply price but also quality, reliability, and technology of components and products to be procured. These companies design their sourcing decision on the basis of the interplay between their competitive advantages and the comparative advantages of various sourcing locations for long-term gains.By contrast, they care more about the quality, design and the level of popularity. Therefore, companies have to find the balance between cost and time. If fast fashion tillers make good use of these two strategies, like M&S and Ezra did, the negative effect could be covered to a large extent. Conclusion inconstant markets, short product lifestyles and high product variety are the characteristics of today are clothing industry. This stress mainly discusses the adoption of two common strategies- global sourcing strategy and quick response strateg y, in fast fashion clothing sector.Although most companies already have chosen outsourcing strategy to maintain the competitive advantage, the nature of todays fashion market forces companies to consider the importance of speed and flexibility. The analysis of both strategies with the help of real companies experience shows that both of them have positive and negative effects on fast fashion retailers. However, overseas sourcing strategy and quick response strategy are not mutually exclusive. In practice, the successful examples of M&S and Ezra have proved the feasibility of combing global sourcing with quick response strategy.